目前(qian),“綠(lv)(lv)水青山(shan)(shan)就(jiu)是金山(shan)(shan)銀山(shan)(shan)”的(de)理念已(yi)深入人心,綠(lv)(lv)色發(fa)展(zhan)成為各界共識。今(jin)年(nian)的(de)全(quan)國住房和(he)城鄉建(jian)(jian)設(she)工(gong)作(zuo)會(hui)議(yi)明確了2022年(nian)工(gong)作(zuo)總體要求和(he)重點任務,提出(chu)要持(chi)續開展(zhan)綠(lv)(lv)色建(jian)(jian)筑創建(jian)(jian)行動,落實碳(tan)達峰碳(tan)中和(he)目標(biao)任務。在(zai)各地政(zheng)府工(gong)作(zuo)中,推動建(jian)(jian)筑業綠(lv)(lv)色低碳(tan)發(fa)展(zhan)成為突出(chu)亮點。
在(zai)各地工作(zuo)(zuo)部署(shu)中(zhong),“綠(lv)色(se)(se)建(jian)筑(zhu)創建(jian)行(xing)動(dong)”成(cheng)為高頻(pin)詞,畫(hua)出(chu)了(le)綠(lv)色(se)(se)建(jian)筑(zhu)融入(ru)百姓生活的(de)“時間線”。作(zuo)(zuo)為建(jian)筑(zhu)強省(sheng),浙江(jiang)省(sheng)推(tui)動(dong)綠(lv)色(se)(se)建(jian)筑(zhu)快(kuai)(kuai)速發展,城(cheng)鎮綠(lv)色(se)(se)建(jian)筑(zhu)占新建(jian)民用建(jian)筑(zhu)比(bi)例達(da)97%。浙江(jiang)省(sheng)住房(fang)和(he)城(cheng)鄉建(jian)設工作(zuo)(zuo)會議明確提(ti)出(chu)加快(kuai)(kuai)推(tui)進綠(lv)色(se)(se)建(jian)筑(zhu)創建(jian)行(xing)動(dong),要求(qiu)新建(jian)民用建(jian)筑(zhu)全(quan)面(mian)執行(xing)綠(lv)色(se)(se)建(jian)筑(zhu)標準(zhun)要求(qiu),并提(ti)高大型公共建(jian)筑(zhu)和(he)政府公益性建(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)綠(lv)色(se)(se)建(jian)筑(zhu)標準(zhun)要求(qiu)。
和浙江省一樣(yang),江蘇、湖(hu)北、安徽等省份(fen)也提(ti)出要加(jia)快綠(lv)色(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑創(chuang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)行(xing)動,并對(dui)新(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)民用建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑執行(xing)綠(lv)色(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑標準作了強制性要求。江蘇省提(ti)出,到2025年,新(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑要全面(mian)按超低能(neng)耗(hao)標準設計建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)造(zao),在(zai)2020年提(ti)高(gao)節能(neng)30%的基礎上再提(ti)升30%,建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)成一批高(gao)品(pin)質(zhi)綠(lv)色(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑項目,創(chuang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)一批節能(neng)低碳(tan)、智慧宜(yi)居的綠(lv)色(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑示范(fan)區,并將既(ji)有(you)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑節能(neng)改造(zao)納入綠(lv)色(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑。
湖北省除了推進政府投資(zi)項目和大型公共(gong)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)強(qiang)制執(zhi)行(xing)星(xing)級綠(lv)色(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)標準,還鼓勵(li)房地(di)產(chan)項目執(zhi)行(xing)星(xing)級綠(lv)色(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)標準;計劃到(dao)2025年,新建(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)能(neng)效水(shui)平提(ti)升(sheng)15%,綠(lv)色(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)竣(jun)工(gong)面積占比(bi)達(da)100%。安(an)徽省將(jiang)民(min)用建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)建(jian)(jian)設(she)執(zhi)行(xing)綠(lv)色(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)標準納入工(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)(jian)設(she)管理程(cheng)序,嚴格督促城鎮新建(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)全面按綠(lv)色(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)標準設(she)計建(jian)(jian)造,要求2022年綠(lv)色(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)竣(jun)工(gong)面積占新建(jian)(jian)民(min)用建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)比(bi)例達(da)到(dao)70%以(yi)上。
我國建(jian)(jian)筑業碳(tan)排(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)量占全國總碳(tan)排(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)量的一半(ban)以上,是名副其實(shi)的碳(tan)排(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)“大(da)(da)戶(hu)”。全國住房(fang)和(he)城鄉(xiang)建(jian)(jian)設工作會議提出“落實(shi)碳(tan)達峰碳(tan)中和(he)目標任(ren)務”,加(jia)快轉(zhuan)變“大(da)(da)量建(jian)(jian)設、大(da)(da)量消耗、大(da)(da)量排(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)”的建(jian)(jian)設方式(shi),推動城鄉(xiang)建(jian)(jian)設綠色發展。
各地積極探(tan)索“減(jian)碳(tan)”之(zhi)路,推進(jin)(jin)建筑(zhu)節能(neng)促進(jin)(jin)綠色(se)發展(zhan)。上海(hai)、海(hai)南等(deng)地著力推進(jin)(jin)既(ji)有(you)建筑(zhu)的綠色(se)化(hua)改(gai)造(zao),提升建筑(zhu)能(neng)效。上海(hai)市探(tan)索建立(li)住(zhu)宅(zhai)(zhai)建筑(zhu)運行能(neng)耗(hao)限額管(guan)理機制,引(yin)導(dao)既(ji)有(you)住(zhu)宅(zhai)(zhai)效能(neng)提升,促進(jin)(jin)既(ji)有(you)住(zhu)宅(zhai)(zhai)綠色(se)化(hua)改(gai)造(zao);建立(li)綠色(se)住(zhu)宅(zhai)(zhai)使(shi)用者(zhe)監督機制,將(jiang)住(zhu)宅(zhai)(zhai)綠色(se)性能(neng)和全(quan)裝(zhuang)修質量相關指(zhi)標納入分戶(hu)驗收管(guan)理。海(hai)南省(sheng)將(jiang)既(ji)有(you)建筑(zhu)綠色(se)化(hua)改(gai)造(zao)與城(cheng)鎮老舊(jiu)社區(qu)改(gai)造(zao)、農村危房改(gai)造(zao)、抗震加固等(deng)同(tong)步實施,探(tan)索超低能(neng)耗(hao)、近(jin)零能(neng)耗(hao)、低碳(tan)建筑(zhu)發展(zhan),將(jiang)在推動(dong)城(cheng)鄉建設綠色(se)發展(zhan)方(fang)面邁出堅實一步。
與此(ci)同時,加速綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色材料應用(yong),成(cheng)為各(ge)地(di)推動(dong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑業綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色轉型(xing)的重(zhong)要抓手。江西(xi)、廣(guang)(guang)東(dong)、廣(guang)(guang)西(xi)等(deng)(deng)地(di)積極開展綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材評價認證,發布綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材產品目錄,建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材設(she)計、施(shi)工、驗收全(quan)過程跟(gen)蹤采(cai)信機制,要求在綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑、裝配(pei)式建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑等(deng)(deng)政(zheng)府(fu)投資工程中率先采(cai)用(yong)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材,提(ti)升城(cheng)鎮(zhen)新建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑中綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材應用(yong)比例。廣(guang)(guang)東(dong)佛山(shan)還開展“政(zheng)府(fu)采(cai)購(gou)支(zhi)持綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材促進建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑品質提(ti)升試點”工作,制定出臺工程招標投標和政(zheng)府(fu)采(cai)購(gou)領域的30項改革舉措,實施(shi)遠程異地(di)評標,升級改造監(jian)管(guan)平臺,建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立大(da)數據分析系統(tong),加強(qiang)對交易項目的全(quan)流程監(jian)管(guan),為綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材試點提(ti)供了良好(hao)的政(zheng)策(ce)環境和市場(chang)環境。
為(wei)解決我國農(nong)房建(jian)(jian)設(she)普(pu)遍存在的(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)質(zhi)量差、能(neng)耗大能(neng)效低等(deng)問(wen)題,多(duo)地把“鼓勵(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設(she)綠色(se)農(nong)房”作為(wei)發展重點。四川、陜西(xi)等(deng)地積極鼓勵(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設(she)綠色(se)農(nong)房。四川省全面執行居住(zhu)(zhu)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)節(jie)能(neng)65%設(she)計(ji)標準,倡導(dao)有條件的(de)地方采用輕鋼裝(zhuang)配式(shi)(shi)、裝(zhuang)配式(shi)(shi)混(hun)凝土和現(xian)代夯土技(ji)術建(jian)(jian)設(she)綠色(se)農(nong)村住(zhu)(zhu)房;陜西(xi)省大力推廣(guang)(guang)綠色(se)農(nong)房建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)適用技(ji)術,引導(dao)鼓勵(li)(li)農(nong)村自(zi)建(jian)(jian)住(zhu)(zhu)宅參照綠色(se)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)標準建(jian)(jian)設(she),并以(yi)縣為(wei)單位開展農(nong)村可再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)應(ying)用示范,推廣(guang)(guang)被動式(shi)(shi)太陽房、可再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源采暖等(deng)適宜節(jie)能(neng)技(ji)術建(jian)(jian)設(she)試點,改善人居環境。
此外,多省持續探索可再生能(neng)源建(jian)筑應用(yong)技術措施,推廣超低能(neng)耗、近(jin)零(ling)能(neng)耗建(jian)筑,發展零(ling)碳建(jian)筑。
福建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)省(sheng)大力(li)推廣太陽能(neng)(neng)光(guang)伏(fu)光(guang)熱(re)、高(gao)效空(kong)氣源(yuan)(yuan)熱(re)泵、水(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)熱(re)泵等可(ke)再生能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑一體化應(ying)用(yong),鼓勵智能(neng)(neng)光(guang)伏(fu)與綠色建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑融(rong)合發展。云(yun)南省(sheng)發展太陽能(neng)(neng)光(guang)伏(fu)在城(cheng)鄉(xiang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑中分布式(shi)、一體化應(ying)用(yong),探索推進(jin)(jin)溫和(he)地區近零能(neng)(neng)耗(hao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑技術(shu)研發、標準制(zhi)定和(he)工程應(ying)用(yong),推廣低碳(tan)(tan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑技術(shu),促進(jin)(jin)低碳(tan)(tan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑發展。黑龍江(jiang)省(sheng)把發展被動式(shi)超低能(neng)(neng)耗(hao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑作為實現住房(fang)和(he)城(cheng)鄉(xiang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設領(ling)域“碳(tan)(tan)達(da)峰、碳(tan)(tan)中和(he)”的重要抓手,促進(jin)(jin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑行業綠色低碳(tan)(tan)轉型。
各地描繪(hui)的發展圖景,綠色低(di)碳理(li)念(nian)貫穿始終(zhong)。作為全(quan)面推(tui)動(dong)綠色發展的重要載體(ti),中國建筑(zhu)業正在(zai)不斷創造“綠色奇跡”,成為推(tui)動(dong)美麗中國建設(she)的強大動(dong)力(li)。